Saint Patrick's Day (Irish: Lá ’le Pádraig or Lá Fhéile
Pádraig), colloquially St. Paddy's Day or Paddy's Day, is an annual feast day which celebrates Saint Patrick (circa 385–461 AD), one of the patron saints of Ireland, and is generally celebrated on March 17.
The day is the national holiday of Ireland. It is a bank holiday in Northern Ireland and a public
holiday in the Republic of Ireland,
Montserrat, and the Canadian province
of Newfoundland
and Labrador. In
the rest of Canada, Great Britain, Australia, the United States and New Zealand, it is widely celebrated but is not
an official holiday.
It became a feast day in the Roman Catholic Church due to the influence of the Waterford-born Franciscan scholar Luke Wadding in the early part of the 17th
century, and is a holy day of obligation for Roman Catholics in Ireland. The feast day usually falls during
Lent; if it falls on a Friday of Lent (unless it is Good Friday), the
obligation to abstain from eating meat (usually corned beef) can be lifted by
the local bishop. The date of
the feast is occasionally, yet controversially, moved by church authorities
when March 17 falls during Holy Week; this happened in 1940 when Saint
Patrick's Day was observed on April 3 in order to avoid it coinciding with Palm Sunday, and happened again in 2008, having
been observed on 15 March. March 17 will not fall during Holy Week
again until 2160.
Celebration overview
Saint Patrick's Day is celebrated
worldwide by Irish people
and increasingly by non-Irish people (usually in Australia and North America). Celebrations
are generally themed around all things Irish and, by association, the colour green.
Both Christians and non-Christians celebrate the
secular version of the holiday by wearing green or orange, eating Irish food and/or green foods, imbibing
Irish drink (such as Guinness or Baileys Irish Cream)
and attending parades.
The St. Patrick's Day parade was
first held in Boston in 1761, organized by the Charitable Irish Society. The
first recorded parade was New York City's celebration which began on 18 March 1762 when Irish soldiers in the English
military marched through the city with their music. The New York parade is the
largest, typically drawing two million spectators and 150,000 marchers. The
predominantly French-speaking Canadian city of Montreal, in the province of Québec has the longest continually running
Saint Patrick's day parade in North America, since 1824; The city's flag has
the Irish emblem, the shamrock, in one of its corners. Ireland's
cities all hold their own parades and festivals, including Dublin, Cork, Belfast, Derry,
Galway, Kilkenny, Limerick, and Waterford. Parades also take place in other Irish towns and
villages. The St. Patrick's Day parade in Dublin, Ireland is part of a five-day
festival; over 500,000 people attended the 2006 parade.
"Leprechauns" kick off week-long
festivities by renaming New London, Wisconsin to New Dublin
st. Patrick 's day
Other large parades include those in Savannah, Georgia , Milwaukee, Wisconsin, New London, Wisconsin (which changes its name to New Dublin the week
of St. Patrick's Day) , Dallas, Cleveland, Liverpool, Manchester, Birmingham, London, Coatbridge, North
Lanarkshire, Jackson, Mississippi, Boston, Buffalo, Rochester, Houston, Chicago, Baltimore, Salt Lake City, Cincinnati, Kansas City, Rolla, Missouri, St. Louis, Philadelphia,
Indianapolis, Baton Rouge, Pittsburgh, Denver, St. Paul, Sacramento, San Francisco, Scranton, Seattle, Butte, Bayonne, New Jersey, Detroit, Syracuse, Albany, Newport, Holyoke, MA, New Haven, CT, Montreal, Toronto, Vancouver, and throughout much of the Western
world. The parade held in Sydney, Australia, is recorded as being the largest
in the Southern Hemisphere.[citation
needed]
As well as being a celebration of
Irish culture, Saint Patrick's Day is a Christian festival celebrated in the
Catholic Church, the Church of Ireland, and some other denominations. The
day almost always falls in the season of Lent.
Some bishops will grant an indult, or release, from the Friday no-meat
observance when St.
Patrick's Day falls on a Friday; this is sometimes colloquially known as a
"corned-beef indult". When 17 March falls on a Sunday, church
calendars (though rarely secular ones) move Saint Patrick's Day to the
following Monday—and when the 17th falls during Holy Week (very rarely), the
observance will be moved to the next available date or, exceptionally, before
holy week. The public holiday in Ireland does not move and always remains at 17 March, being fixed on the State calendar.
In many parts of North America,
Britain, and Australia, expatriate
Irish and ever-growing crowds of people with no Irish connections but who may
proclaim themselves "Irish for a day" also celebrate St. Patrick's
Day, usually with the consumption of traditionally Irish alcoholic beverages (beer and stout, such as Murphy's, Beamish, Smithwicks, Harp, or Guinness; Irish whiskey; Irish coffee; or Baileys Irish Cream) and by wearing green-coloured clothing.
2007 marked the first annual St.
Patrick's Day parade and festival in the Scottish city of Glasgow.
Wearing of green
According to legend, St. Patrick
used the shamrock, a three-leaved plant, to explain
the Holy Trinity
to the pre-Christian Irish.
St. Patrick's Blue, not green, was the colour long-associated with St. Patrick. Green,
the colour most widely associated with Ireland, with Irish people, and with St. Patrick's Day in
modern times, may have gained its prominence through the phrase "the wearing of
the green" meaning to wear a shamrock on one's clothing. At many times
in Irish history, to do so was seen as a sign
of Irish nationalism or loyalty to the Roman Catholic
faith. St. Patrick used the shamrock, a three-leaved plant, to explain the Holy Trinity to the pre-Christian Irish. The wearing of and display of shamrocks and shamrock-inspired designs have
become a ubiquitous feature of the saint's holiday. The change to Ireland's
association with green rather than blue probably began around the 1750s.
PARA VER SLIDE CLIQUE AQUI
ATIVIDADE EM CLASSE:
CONSTRUA UM RESUMO EM INGLÊS OU MAPA MENTAL EM SEU "CADERNO" E APRESENTE AO SEU PROFESSOR. NOTA 5% NA SALA DO FUTURO.
Explicação em Língua Portuguesa breve:
